Process of and apparatus for determining benzol in gas.



-c. L. 0 GRAUL. PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINIIQG BENZOL IN GAS.

APPLICATION men FEB. 2. 1915 1,163,654"

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Patented Dec. 14,1915] curios,

CARL LEONARD OLIVER GBAUL, F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO SEMET-SOLVAY COMPANY, OF SOLVAY, NEW 1503K, A. CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

PROCESS OF AND AIYARATUS FOR DETERMINING BENZOL IN GAS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented nee. is, 1915.

Application filed February 2, 1915. Serial No. 5,639.

coke ovens, the gas is fractionated to -sopa-- rate out and recover its components of value. Among these is benzol which is separated. from the gas by, primarily, causing it to be absorbed by a suitable absorbing agent. \Vhcre it is desirable to recover and market the benzol as such the commercial. success of the operation depends on the completeness of its recovery, any benzol. which passes the absorber being eventually burned with the gas and being thus lost as a marketable product.

The object of my improvements is to pro vide means for testing the treated gas to determine the presence or absence of benzol therein and thus enable precautions to be taken l okingto its more complete separation and recovery.

. My invention is based upon the fact that the illuminating power of a gas carrying benzol is greater than that of a gas of otherwise preciselv the same composition but in which no benzol vapor is present. Thus by drawing oil from a stream or body of gas a portion thereof, dividing this portion into two parts, treating one of these parts to positively remove any benzol present therefrom and finally separately burning the two parts and comparing the illuminating power of the two gas flames I am able to determine thepresence or absence of benzol in the original mass or stream of gas and the proportion in which it is present.

The invention will be best understood by describing it in connection with the accompanying drawing, forming a part hereof, which is a diagrammatic representation of form of apparatus which. may be advantageously'employed in carrying it into effect reference being made thereto by means of the numbers indicating the several parts.

The gas to be tested is drawn oil from a body thereof, as a stream of gas flowing through pipe, 1, which may be the outlet pipe from the usual benzol absorber (not shown in the dra'. ing), through pipe, 2, whence it passes by pipe, 3, through a bath of picric acid, indicated at, 4, whereby any naphthalene present in the gas, which, if remaining in the gas, would have an illuminating efl'ect similar to hcnzol, is removed.

1 From the picric acid bath the gas passes by pipe, 5, and is then divided into two parts one of which passes bylpipe, 6, directly to an Argand gas burncr,.7. The pipe, 6, is connected with a pressure regulator, 8,wh1ch, as shown, may be a counter-weighted gas holder of small size, the movements of which control a regulating cock, 9, in the pipe, 6, whereby the pressure of the gas going to the burner, '1', may be determined and regulated. The other part of the gas is treated, in any usualor suitable manner to remove any contained benzol, as by being passed by pipe, 10, through a bath, 11, of an oil capable of absorbing benzol. It is then passed by pipe, 12, through a mass of nut coke to remove any oil that may have been mechanically carried over from the bath, 11, and thence by pipes, 13, and 1 1-, to an Argand burner, 15, similar to burner, 7. The pressure of the gas passing through pipe, 14;, is regulated by a pressure regulator, 16, and cook, l7,'in the same manner as the gas passing through pipe, 6, to burner, 7-. .The pipes, 6, and, ll, are both connected, at points beyond the pressure regulators, with l) gages, 18', 19, whereby the pressure of the gas passing through the pipes may be observed to the end of adjusting the regulation of same.

In carrying the process into efi'eetthe two gas burners are first standardized against each other by delivering to both gas of the same quality. This is accomplished by closing the cooks, 22 and 23, and opening the cock, 2%, so that the gas delivered to both burners passes through the picric acid bath, 4, and the test benzol-absorber, 11, before going to the burners. The sight box, 25, which carries a. Bunsen or Lesson star disk, such as is used in the determination of the absolute candle power of a gas, is set at zero on the gage, 26, and the pressures of the gas flowing to the burners is adjusted until the disk in the sight boxis equally illuminated on both sides, the respective pressures necessary to accomplish this being noted. The cocks are then set so that the gas delivered to burner, 7, does not pass through the test benzol absorber, 11, while the gas going to burner, 15, does pass through it, and, if necessary, the gas pressures, are read usted to the same point as before; If benzol is present in the gas tested, burner, 7, Will receive gas carrying this benzol While the gas to burner, 15, will be deprived of its benzol by passing through the absorber. 11. Under these conditions burner, 7, will give more light than burner, 15, and the point of equal illumination, as indicated on the disk in the sight boX,-25, will be shifted away from the zero point on the ease, the extent of such shifting, determined by first burning gas containing a'known proportion of benzol,

indicating the proportion of benzol con tamed 1n the gas.

If, on the other hand, no

. benzol is present in the as tested, the gas will suffer no change in passing through the absorber, 11, the two burners Will give an equal amount of light, and the point of equal illumination will remain at. zero on the gage as it was during the standardization. in this manner I am able to readily determine the" presence of benzol in body of gas or to obtain a. continuous indication of its presence in a flowing stream of gas,

gas at separate burners and comparing; the

illuminating power of the gas flames.

2. The hereinbefore described process of determining the presence of benzol' in gas which consists in treating the gas to be tested with picric acid to remove the naphconditions giving gas flames of equal illuminating power with gas of one quality, and comparing the illuminating power of the gas flames.

4.. The process of determining the presence of benzol in gas which consists in continuously drawing off from a stream of gas a portion thereof, dividing such portion into 'two parts, treating one of said parts to remove any benzol present therein, burning the part so treated and the untreated part at separate burners "under conditions giving gas flames of equal illuminating power Withgas of one quality and comparing" the illuminating power of the gas flames.

5. A device for determining the presence of benzol in gas comprising a gas Way, two gas burners,a connection from said gas way to each of said burners, means for regulating the gas pressure at said burners, means for separating the benzol from-the gas flowing to'one of said burners and means for comparing the illuminating power of the gas frames at said burners.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name, this 22nd day of Janeary A. 1).. 1915.

CARL LEONARD GLIVER GRAUL. Witnesses;

WILLIAM HENRY ALLEN, J12, PAUL Laue AnDEusoN. 

